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Notice that the illustrations that Jesus needed to make His points were literally all around Him. A threshing sledge was pulled by a large animal. , Deuteronomy 11:1-32 You shall therefore love theLordyour God and keep his charge, his statutes, his rules, and his commandments always. Thus says the Lord: "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. Again, give a portion to seven, and also to eight Ecclesiastes 11:2. The sons of Kenaz: Othniel and Seraiah; and the sons of Othniel: Hathath and Meonothai. . Sin adds to sin, out of which it grows; it does not overshadow the former sins, it does not obliterate them, but increases the mass of guilt, which God punishes. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 John Mark Hicks. . Which words Virgil translates, and puts in the mouth of his hero in similar circumstances, Aen. Like the other names connected with Aram in the Old Testament, it is, in conformity with the common descent from Aram, Aramaic. What Does the Bible Say About A Man Providing For His Family? See the passionate exclamation of Ulysses, in the storm, Odyss., lib. 2 Chronicles 21:16-17)and removed them to Edom (which is located southeast of Judah). Damascus was already the chief city, through its relation to which alone Hobah was known. You shall keep my Sabbaths and reverence my sanctuary: I am theLord. Threshing SledgeThe purpose of threshing was to separate usable grain from the waste straw or chaff. When the Jews killed the Son, there, came on them all the righteous bloodshed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias, son of Barachias Matthew 23:35-36; Luke 11:50-51. B A good tree doesnt produce bad fruitsconsider a grain of wheata sower went out to sowin story after story, Jesus Christ made use of scenes from everyday farm life to explicitly illustrate His points about the gospel and the kingdom of God. Q Yet after this, it was to recover its power under Rezin, to become formidable to Judah, and, through its aggressions on Judah, to bring destruction on itself. Israel is placed the last, because on it the destruction was to fall to the uttermost, and rest there. Why Did Jesus Talk So Much About Agriculture? So the handmaid which displaceth her mistress Proverbs 30:21-23 is more intolerable and overbearing than the others. Will the sun really be turned to darkness and the moon to blood (Joel 2:31). The authority of Aram will end here as well. Frequently threshing sledges (28:27) made of wood (2 Sam. Am). 70413 lego - Der TOP-Favorit unserer Produkttester. S Thus saith the . You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey together.Ecclesiastes 1:1-18 The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem. The stream thus collected is led off to a lower level, where it comes to the surface. After his death, his descendants reigned for ten generations, each receiving from his father the name (Hadad) together with the kingdom, like the Ptolemies of Egypt. No wonder Jesus talked so much about farming. Not only would the kingdom of Aram fall, and its rulers have their authority crushed, its people would be conquered and taken into exile by its conquerors. perhaps more (cf. M Stated differently, the cities/nations would not be judged merely because of one transgression or even two. Such atrocities would not be unknown in the ancient world. I didnt know that thrashing tools might have been used in torturing people. Deuteronomy 4:24 says that God is a consuming fire. Here the LORD said He would break the bar to allow Damascuss enemies to enter. Randall. So I will send a fire upon the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. Although God delegated authority to human governments to execute justice (Romans 13:4), He is still the ultimate judge. How Daniels Prophecy of 70 Weeks Connects to the End Times. This was to prevent the earth from again being filled with violence (Genesis 6:11). Rezon renewed, throughout the later part of Solomons reign, the aggression of Hadad. J A threshing sledge was made of wooden boards embedded with sharp stones or iron teeth. The rule then is; give without bounds; when that whole is fulfilled, still give. Again in that series of sayings in the book of Proverbs Proverbs 30:15-16. Sin and punishment are by a great law of God bound together. On some days, the only thing the farmer can do is sit, wait, and hope for the best. G Seldom, said pagan experience, hath punishment with lingering foot parted with the miscreant, advancing before.. Isaiah 8:4 For before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother, the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be taken away before the king of Assyria. And as we are faithful to the Lord our God, He will bless the works of our hands and make them successful. But in the fifth year you may eat of its fruit, to increase its yield for you: I am theLordyour God., 1 Corinthians 3:6 I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth.Leviticus 26:1-5 You shall not make idols for yourselves or erect an image or pillar, and you shall not set up a figured stone in your land to bow down to it, for I am theLordyour God. Consistently with this, the first mention of the kingdom of Damascus in Scripture is the dynasty of Rezon son of Eliadas, a fugitive servant of Hadadezer, who formed a marauding band, then settled and reigned in Damascus 1 Kings 11:23-24. Here in Amos, we see that the people of Damascus rebelled against the LORD because they threshed Gilead with implements of sharp iron. The Lord says: I will not relent from punishing Damascus for three crimes, even four, because they threshed Gilead with iron sledges. They are a good reminder of what is required from us every day of our own lives. 4 So I will send a fire on the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. As such, it attracted the Arameans who were one of the most frequent enemies of Israel. which leads to the comprise of and ingratiation of the Nations being the primary benefactor of the poor and the marginalized of our capitalistic morality. And he answered, Because I know the evil that thou wilt do unto the children of Israel: their strong holds wilt thou set on fire, and their young men wilt thou slay with the sword, and wilt dash their children, and rip up their women with child. Restore our fortunes, OLord, like streams in the Negeb! 2 Kings 10:32,33 In those days the LORD began to cut Israel short: and Hazael smote them in all the coasts of Israel; . Blessed shall be the fruit of your womb and the fruit of your ground and the fruit of your cattle, the increase of your herds and the young of your flock. And in the fourth year all its fruit shall be holy, an offering of praise to theLord. Unless otherwise indicated, all content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License. He indeed bears fruit and yields, in one case a hundredfold, in another sixty, and in another thirty., Genesis 37:7 Behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and stood upright. So Seneca in Hippolyt., Act. Soul-murder is worse than physical murder, and requires more devilish art. The language about Tyre is almost exactly the same as how Amos describes Gaza. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ). Chedorlaomer and the four kings with him, doubtless, came that way, since the first whom they smote were at Ashteroth Karnaim Genesis 14:5-6 in Jaulan or Gaulonitis, and thence they swept on southward, along the west side of Jordan, smiting, as they went, first the Zuzim, (probably the same as the Zamzummim Deuteronomy 2:2 O) in Ammonitis; then the Emim in the plain of Kiriathaim in Moab Genesis 14:15. TopicalBible 3 Thus says the Lord: For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment; because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. Joel 2:24 speaks of that abundance as a sign of God's blessing if the people repent: "The threshing floors will be filled with grain. Yet this was as nothing. because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. Hazael was the king of Damascus in the second half of the ninth century BC, while Ben-hadad was his son and successor (2 Kgs. You shall leave them for the poor and for the sojourner: I am theLordyour God., Genesis 26:12 And Isaac sowed in that land and reaped in the same year a hundredfold. Get our Question of the Week delivered right to your inbox! And he told them many things in parables, saying: A sower went out to sow. Farming, which involves cultivating the land and raising livestock, is a part of agriculture. Many things in life take time just as farming takes time. Proud member Publisher: OpenBible.info. Any crime committed against human beings is ultimately against the LORD because He is the sole creator. Taught by the face of creation around them, where the course of every tiny rivulet, as it burst from the rocks, was marked by a rich luxuriance, the Damascenes of old availed themselves of the continual supply from the snows of Hermon or the heights of Anti-libanus, with a systematic diligence, of which, in our northern clime, as we have no need, so we have no idea. Why Did God Use Adams Rib to Create Eve? VERSION, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica. Others believe the threshing is a metaphor for Israels defeat at the hands of Syria (cf. Theme: Contempt by Vault9. Damascus (Syria, also called Aram) "threshed" Gilead. For this they will be judged by God. And the rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. The city named Damascus was the capital of the nation of Aram during the 10th through 8th centuries BC. His disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat.Leviticus 23:22 And when you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not reap your field right up to its edge, nor shall you gather the gleanings after your harvest. Nature takes its own time. In the morning sow your seed, and at evening withhold not your hand, for you do not know which will prosper, this or that, or whether both alike will be good., Isaiah 32:20 Happy are you who sow beside all waters, who let the feet of the ox and the donkey range free.Matthew 6:26 Look at the birds of the air: they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. By Gods help they were twice defeated; the second time, when they directly challenged the power of God 1 Kings 20:22-25, 1 Kings 20:28, so signally that, had not Ahab been flattered by the appeal to his mercy 1 Kings 20:31-32, Syria would no more have been in a condition to oppress Israel. On the schism of the ten tribes, the hostility of Damascus was concentrated against Israel who lay next to them. as the Targum; this country lay beyond Jordan, and was inhabited by the Reubenites and Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh; who were used in a very cruel manner, by Hazael king of Syria, as was foretold by Elisha, 2 Kings 7:12; not literally, as in 2 Samuel 12:31; but by him they were beat, oppressed, and crushed, as the grain of the threshingfloor; which used to be threshed out by means of a wooden instrument stuck with iron teeth, the top of which was filled with stones to press it down, and so drawn to and fro over the sheaves of corn, by which means it was beaten out, to which the allusion is here; See Gill on 1 Corinthians 9:9. 24:22) with stone or metal teeth embedded in the bottom side were dragged over the grain by these animals. Farming takes time. Joash, king of Judah, bought him off, when advancing against Jerusalem, with everything of gold, consecrated or civil, in the temple or in his own treasures 2 Kings 12:18. TheLordblessed him,Psalm 1:3 He is like a tree planted by streams of water that yields its fruit in its season, and its leaf does not wither. And God separated the light from the darkness. Holman Old Testament Commentary: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah by Trent Butler. The Bible says a lot about agriculture and farming. And the whole crowd stood on the beach. Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not turn away. I am enjoying the study and appreciate your effort and willingness to share. And the whole crowd stood on the beach. f tribe of Manasseh returned to go into the country of Gilead, to the land of their possessions Joshua 22:9. The river, says William of Tyre, having abundant water, supplies orchards on both banks, thick-set with fruit-trees, and flows eastward by the city wall. Some believe that the Syrians used threshing tools with iron teeth to torture or kill prisoners, pregnant women and children. The Barada (the cold) having joined the Fijeh, (the traditional Pharpar, a name which well designates its tumultuous course ), runs on the north of, and through the city, and then chiefly into the central of the three lakes, the Bahret-el-kibliyeh, (the south lake;) thence, it is supposed, but in part also directly, into the Bahret-esh-Shurkiyeh (the east lake ). God authorized human government in Genesis, where He said, "Whoever sheds man's blood, by man his blood . God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. Tyre is condemned for the same sin as Gazathe deportation and sale of whole communities (cf. Jehoash recovered from Benhadad III the cities this side Jordan 2 Kings 13:25; Jeroboam II, all their lost territories and even Damascus and Hamath 2 Kings 14:28. Nor will they say, Look, here it is! or There! for behold, the kingdom of God is in the midst of you.. THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL Silence is often more emphatic than words. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. This was apparently a common practice in that region (cf. It was no part of the territory assigned to Israel, nor was it molested by them. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site. Because she threshed Gilead with sledges having iron teeth, This is what the LORD says: 'For three offenses of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke its. For a long time, these stories worked without much thought or explanation. Gaza represents the alliance of Philistine citiesAshdod, Ashkelon, and Ekron [Gath is not named here]in southwestern Palestine. The Syrians apparently used tools that were intended for harvesting crops and ran over people with them. Am I? When He no longer withholds it, the law of His moral government holds its course. Other Translations of Amos 1:3 King James Version. They cover an area at last 25 (or 30) miles in circuit, and make the environs an earthly Paradise. Whence the Arabs said, If there is a garden of Eden on earth, it is Damascus; and if in heaven, Damascus is like it on earth. But this its beauty was also its strength. If they who sinned without law, perished without law Romans 2:12, how much more should they who have sinned in the law, be judged by the law. Gods judgments rolled round like a thunder-cloud, passing from land to land, giving warning of their approach, at last to gather and center on Israel itself, except it repent. Beginning with Damascus, Amos stated, Thus says theLord, Forthree transgressions ofDamascus and for four, I will notrevoke itspunishment. As mentioned earlier, the statement thus says the LORD tells the reader that the message of Amos originated from God. These orchards are a most exceeding defense; for from the density of the trees and the narrowness of the ways, it seemed difficult and almost impossible to approach the city on that side. Even to this day it is said, The true defense of Damascus consists in its gardens, which, forming a forest of fruit-trees and a labyrinth of hedges, walls and ditches, for more than 7 leagues in circumference, would present no small impediment to a Mussulman enemy.. But there will be no poor among you; for theLordwill bless you in the land that theLordyour God is giving you for an inheritance to possess if only you will strictly obey the voice of theLordyour God, being careful to do all this commandment that I command you today. Both instruments are alluded to in the O.T. They sent them into captivity (or exile). . It was rich in pasture (Numbers 32:1) and famous for its balm (Jeremiah 8:22). So I will send a fire upon the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. Vanity of vanities, says the Preacher, vanity of vanities! The work has to be done. The waters of the Fijeh were carried by a great aqueduct tunnelled through the side of the perpendicular cliff. Again, Sowing discord among brethren Proverbs 6:16-19, has a special hatefulness, as not only being sin, but causing widewasting sin, and destroying in others the chief grace, love. Almeida Atualizada (Portuguese) for Ams 1:3, La Biblia de las Amricas (Espaol) for Ams 1:3, Common English Bible w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Holman Christian Standard Bible for Amos 1:3, Giovanni Diodati 1649 (Italian) for Amos 1:3, Good News Translation w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, King James Version w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Septuagint Bible w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, New International Reader's Version for Amos 1:3, New Revised Standard w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Revised Standard Version w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, La Biblia Reina-Valera (Espaol) for Ams 1:3, Sagradas Escrituras (1569) (Espaol) for Ams 1:3, Third Millennium Bible w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, The Latin Vulgate w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). D LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel, Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular, Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine singular, Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular, Gilead -- a region in Palestine, also the name of several Israelites, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural construct, Incised, incisive, a trench, gold, a threshing-sledge, determination, eager, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, OT Prophets: Amos 1:3 Thus says Yahweh: For three transgressions (Amo. Let the nations who have ears to hear, hear what the Spirit through Amos says to the nations. In ancient Israel, gates and doors were usually locked with a bar made of wood or metal that slid into openings in the posts. Turn away . 13:3, 2225). They journeyed to the entrance of Gedor, to the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks, where they found rich, good pasture, and the land was very broad, quiet, and peaceful, for the former inhabitants there belonged to Ham. The last grace of God, whether sealing up the former graces of those who use them, or vouchsafed to those who have wasted them, is the crowning act of His love or forbearance. And he will bless you in the land that the LORD your God is giving you., Genesis 1:29 And God said, Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning. Damascus, Gaza and Tyrethree important cities in the region of Israel and Judahare called to account for their actions by a shepherd from Judah. Other seeds fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. The city of Damascus was called under judgment because that nation "threshed Gilead with implements of iron" (Amos 1:3) or behaved with unnecessary cruelty against a conquered . Thanks John Mark. The amount of rain, the cool of the nights, the warmth of the days, soil conditions, insects, and many others. The area has been calculated at 236 square geographical miles. The three transgressions stand for a whole sum of sin, which had not yet brought down extreme punishment; the fourth was the crowning sin, after which God would no longer spare. Proverbs 12:11 says, Those who work their land will have abundant food, but those who chase fantasies have no sense.Proverbs 28:19 says, He that tilleth his land shall have plenty of bread: but he that followeth after vainpersonsshall have poverty enough. Deuteronomy 28:12 says, The LORD will open the heavens, the storehouse of his bounty, to send rain on your land in season and to bless all the work of your hands. Five of these canals are led off from the river at different elevations, before it enters the plain. Mail (will not be published) __('(required)'). I would like to bring this forward in how we hear Amos,as individuals in the kingdom of THE FATHERS NEW COVENANT RELATIONSHIP. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. They shall not labor in vain or bear children for calamity, for they shall be the offspring of the blessed of theLord, and their descendants with them. Does a bird fall in a snare on the earth, when there is no trap for it? Without the Barada, says Porter, the city could not exist, and the plain would be a parched desert; but now aqueducts intersect every quarter, and fountains sparkle in almost every dwelling, while innumerable canals extend their ramifications over the vast plain, clothing it with verdure and beauty. Learn to do good; seek justice, correct oppression; bring justice to the fatherless, plead the widow's cause. In like way Joshua relates, that the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the ha! At this time, Damascus was probably, like ourselves, a rich, commercial, as well as warlike, but not as yet a manufacturing (see the note at Amos 3:12) nation. And God saw that it was good., John 15:1 I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser.Hosea 10:12 Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap steadfast love; break up your fallow ground, for it is the time to seek theLord, that he may come and rain righteousness upon you.1 Corinthians 3:6-9 I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth. These are the men of Recah. Benhadad promised to restore the cities which his father had taken from Israel, and to make an Israel-quarter in Damascus 1 Kings 20:34. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, being patient about it, until it receives the early and the late rains.Deuteronomy 11:13-15 And if you will indeed obey my commandments that I command you today, to love theLordyour God, and to serve him with all your heart and with all your soul, he will give the rain for your land in its season, the early rain and the later rain, that you may gather in your grain and your wine and your oil. Grain is threshed with farming instruments, which back then might include a heavy board, studded with sharp metal used to pull over the grain to separate it from the husk. nothing big cus i Still hate to write. Chapter Parallel. The city of Damascus was called under judgment because that nation threshed Gilead with implements of iron (Amos 1:3) or behaved with unnecessary cruelty against a conquered people. These quotations are sufficient to show that this form of speech is neither unfrequent nor inelegant, being employed by the most correct writers of antiquity. Revised Standard Version w/ Apocrypha. I will break the gate-bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from . ABUNDANCE OR JUDGMENT. Again, There be three things which go well; yea, four are comely in going Proverbs 30:29-31. And he said, The LORD will roar from Zion, and utter his voice from Jerusalem; and the habitations of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Carmel shall wither. And great crowds gathered about him, so that he got into a boat and sat down. We are encouraged to Work Hard and keep ourselves busy. [4] So I will send a fire upon the house of Haz'ael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-ha'dad. It lay in the midst of its plain, a high table-land of rich cultivation, whose breadth, from Anti-libanus eastward, was about half a degree. His mothers name was Zibiah of Beersheba. Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat. Whom hate devoured, and fraud, hard pressing on, And so the ancient oracle quoted by Pausanias Achaic., lib. Amos 1:3 Parallel Verses [ See commentary ] Amos 1:3, NIV: This is what the LORD says: 'For three sins of Damascus, even for four, I will not relent.Because she threshed Gilead with sledges having iron teeth, Amos 1:3, ESV: Thus says the LORD: "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges . The other things cannot be satisfied; the fourth, fire, grows fiercer by being fed. God is longsuffering and ready to forgive; but when the sinner finally becomes a vessel of wrath Romans 9:22, He punishes all the earlier sins, which, for the time, He passed by. For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four. Rather, they were guilty of a huge quantity of sins, which the prophet described as three transgressions even four.. What then shall we say to these things? VERSION, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica. Thus says the Lord: "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. 1 Kings 9:13the brotherhood between Hiram of Tyre and Solomon of Israel). And as he sowed, some seeds fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured them. Y The threshing sledge is also an allegory. 4 So I will send a fire on the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. , 1 Chronicles 4:10-41 Jabez called upon the God of Israel, saying, Oh that you would bless me and enlarge my border, and that your hand might be with me, and that you would keep me from harm so that it might not bring me pain! And God granted what he asked. Then, as to those enemies themselves, the order is not of place or time, but of their relation to Gods people. Hazael, like others gradually steeped in sin, thought it impossible, but did it. At the time of our era, the name of Abraham was still held in honor in the country of Damascus; a village was named from him Abrahams dwelling; and a native historian Nicolas said, that he reigned in Damascus on his way from the country beyond Babylon to Canaan. 5 I will break the gate bars of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from the Valley of Aven, We need only look at the history of nations, including the United States, to know that these kinds of atrocities have happened over and over. And thrice, and four times happy those, he cried, That under Ilion's walls before their parents died.". Specially shod animals walked around on the stalks until the grain separated from the hulls. He shall judge between many peoples, and shall decide disputes for strong nations far away; , 1 Samuel 13:21 And the charge was two-thirds of a shekel for the plowshares and for the mattocks, and a third of a shekel for sharpening the axes and for setting the goads.2 Kings 19:29 And this shall be the sign for you: this year eat what grows of itself, and in the second year what springs of the same. 4 So I will send a fire on the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. And he humbled you and let you hunger and fed you with manna, which you did not know, nor did your fathers know, that he might make you know that man does not live by bread alone, but man lives by every word that comes from the mouth of theLord. All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version. Hazael probably became the instrument of God in chastening Israel, while he was avenging Jehus submission to a power whom he dreaded and from whom he had suffered. 5 I will break the gate bars of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from the Valley of Aven, and the one who holds the scepter from Beth-eden; Any crime committed against human beings is ultimately against the LORD because He is the sole creator. O because they have threshed m Gilead . , Matthew 13:1-10 That same day Jesus went out of the house and sat beside the sea. The identified crime becomes the central ethical condemnation (1:3, 6, 9). And you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow.Deuteronomy 28:8 The LORD will command the blessing on you in your barns and in all that you undertake. It shall be a year of solemn rest for the land. For we are Gods fellow workers. All rights reserved. P Visit the Bible online to search for words if you dont know the specific passage yourre looking for. The community or people to which Amos refers is Judah. Elisha had foretold to Hazael his cruelty to Israel; Their strong holds thou wilt set on fire, and their young men wilt thou slay with the sword, and wilt dash their children, and rip up their women with child 2 Kings 8:12. , John 4:35 Do you not say, There are yet four months, then comes the harvest? The consequences, however, are essentially the samefire will burn destroy the cities/citadels (1:7, 10, 12).