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For more information, please see our D-170D Solubility of EASTMAN Hydroquinone and Derivatives Subject: Hydroquinone and hydroquinone derivatives listed in this publication are used as intermediates for manufacturing a variety of products and as polymerization inhibitors for vinyl monomers and unsaturated polyester resins. 0000002198 00000 n You can expect to hear from a technical specialist within 1 business hour. Antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase and inorganic or amino acyl cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate respectively, are effective in stabilizing such hydroquinone compositions, which are used in treatment of pigmentation disorders. Chem. Additionally, the hydroquinone compositions frequently discolor over time and turn from a whitish color to a brown or even black. . By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of cookies. 0000053439 00000 n They may also include ingredients with other therapeutic actions, such as anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, exfoliants and peels. Sodium metabisulfite has the added advantage that it does not discolor by oxidation. 552591, Z. Esina, M. Korchuganova, Theor. Other adverse effects ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012, Free format text: Hydroquinone is highly susceptible to ring substitution by Friedel-Crafts reactions such as alkylation. Thermodyn. Hydrquinone Cas N: 123-31-9 - Oecd 2017-02-16T09:38:58+01:00 Conversion factors (at 25 oc and normal atmospheric pressure) 1 ppm = 4.5 mg!m 3 fungichromin, Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. Hydroquinone (C 6 H 4 (OH) 2), also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound, with a variety of uses in chemistry. protecting the retinoids in a protective system; mixing the hydroquinone, and the protected retinoids; and. Stir until uniform. Recent pieces of . In another embodiment of the invention, hydroquinone and a protected retinoid are both combined in the composition. Cookie Notice PubMedGoogle Scholar. We have discovered that a hydroquinone composition (with about 1 to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably with about 2% to about 10%, more preferably with about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, most preferably with about 3% to about 4% hydroquinone) with preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, can include cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate as an antioxidant and the color destabilization problems are appreciably less as compared to hydroquinone compositions without such a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters in the neutral pH range: preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. Eye Contact Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes. 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate protected at pH 6.0-7.0, 1.0-1.5% at pH 5.5-7.0, and 2.0-3.0% at pH 3.5-7.0. The 10 Best Hydroquinone Creams to Buy in 2023 - Beauty Mag 0000002221 00000 n trailer << /Size 393 /Info 347 0 R /Root 375 0 R /Prev 573815 /ID[<6893db2526a970a0c364cca2e99ca522>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 375 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 346 0 R /Metadata 348 0 R >> endobj 391 0 obj << /S 2217 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 392 0 R >> stream Thermodyn. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. 0000000731 00000 n A common route involves hydroxylation of phenol. 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So, does anybody know of another solvent I could use that has a higher solubility and is relatively non-toxic. Hydroquinone USP, Eastman - ChemPoint Editor's Rating: Why we like it: This affordable cream contains 2 percent hydroquinone, sunscreen, and costs around five dollars. In 1-octanol, the decreasing order of the solubility of these compounds is as follows: resorcinol>benzoic acid>salicylic acid>hydroquinone. While the hydroquinone is effective for the pigmentation disorder treatment, retinoid is used for its skin treatment benefits. Classical photo shops also sell hydroquinone. The disodium diphenolate salt of hydroquinone is used as an alternating comonomer unit in the production of the polymer PEEK. It would be desirable to combine the pigmentation disorder treatment with this skin benefit ingredient in one composition. Have an order or account question, find answers in our Online Support articles. Other properties of hydroquinone are given in Table 1. uv curable cellulose estersuv curable cellulose esters . . 0000004197 00000 n All Rights Reserved, View All Eastman Hydroquinone USP Articles. Thus, while cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, have beneficial antioxidant effects on the skin, the combination with hydroquinone in the invention results in a compatible and stable composition. A further embodiment of the invention includes a method for stabilizing a hydroquinone composition (with about 1% to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably about 2% to about 10%, more preferably about 2% to about 8%, and most preferably about 3% to about 4%) with a neutral pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, by adding a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. Also in this embodiment is a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, which further helps to maintain the acceptable color desired in the hydroquinone composition. Data 53, 199200 (2008), N. Sunsandee, S. Suren, N. Leepipatpiboon, M. Hronec, U. Pancharoen, Fluid Phase Equilib. Thanks to the added vitamin E, it leaves your skin feeling smooth and soft, too. The Density of hydroquinone is . New experimental data are provided for the solubility of resorcinol in water and salicylic acid, resorcinol, hydroquinone in 1-octanol. English, J.C. and Deisinger, P.J. Hydroquinone[1] Idrochinone Quinol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-dihydroxybenzene p-hydroxyphenol 1,4-Hydroxy benzene Identifiers CAS Number 123-31-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 605970 ChEBI CHEBI:17594 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL537 Y ChemSpider 764 Y DrugBank DB09526 ECHA InfoCard 100.004.199 EC Number 204-617-8 Gmelin Reference 2742 The aquatic toxicity of hydroquinone to fresh water fish, Daphnia, and algae was between 0.050- . Monobenzone: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank Data 53, 12781282 (2008), A. 0.6. glycerin, 2.5. The present invention addresses the problem of excessive discoloration in hydroquinone compositions of a neutral pH. Hydroquinone is combustible when preheated. PDF Hydroquinone It is a major component in most black and white photographic developers for film and paper where, with the compound metol, it reduces silver halides to elemental silver. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. As utilized herein, the inhibition of the retinoid oxidation should be sufficient to prohibit browning of the composition for its shelf life, preferably greater than about six months, more preferably greater than about twelve months, and most preferably greater than about eighteen months. Uv Curable Cellulose Esters- .- Determination and Correlation of Solubilities of Benzoic Acid International Journal of Thermophysics [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC([O-])=C(OP([O-])([O-])=O)C1=O, N1=CC(C(=O)OCC)=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=C(SCCC2(C)C)C2=C1, C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C3=CC=C(C(=C3)C34CC5CC(CC(C5)C3)C4)OC)=CC=C21, CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C, disodium;2-[2-[carboxylatomethyl(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate, [Na+]. I've been presented with the problem of trying to dissolve Hydroquinone in a solvent other than water. Azelaic acid (AzA) is a organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH 2) 7 COOH. Will glycerol and citric acid react? If yes, under what conditions? It is a reducmg agent that is reversibly oxidized to semiquinone and quinone. The FDA had classified hydroquinone in 1982 as a safe product - generally recognized as safe and effective (GRASE), however additional studies under the National Toxicology Program (NTP) were suggested in order to determine whether there is a risk to humans from the use of hydroquinone. This website uses cookies. While patients suffer from pigmentation disorders, they may also suffer from other skin disorders and signs of aging, including but not limited to rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. It is not to be considered as either a warranty or quality specification. volume42, Articlenumber:1 (2021) STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN. "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9 Data 51, 127129 (2006), J. Lim, S. Jang, H. K. Cho, M. S. Shin, H. Kim, J. Chem. The toxicology of hydroquinone - relevance to occupational and environmental exposure. EP2047846A2 - Process for stabilizing hydroquinone - Google 1 Solubility data for compounds that ordinarily are liquids at 25 are expressed in terms of the ratio of the volume of solute to the volume of solvent; i.e., 1 mL dissolved in mL of solvent. This chamber is lined with cells that secrete catalases and peroxidases. Table II shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white or light straw color with the addition of at least about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and when about 1.0 to about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is used in the pH range of about 7.0. Hydroquinone Revision Date 24-Dec-2021 General Advice If symptoms persist, call a physician. Hydroquinone, like phenols are very weak acids and can be deprotonated. Other antioxidants, for example cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, and sodium ascorbyl phosphate, have not been utilized in combination with hydroquinone in view of the acidic pH, generally from about 3.4 to about 3.5, and the recommended pH range for magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is about 7.0 to 8.5. [Na+].OC(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C(O)=O, SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILET PREPARATIONS, Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin, PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES, Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients, Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. Production of Hydroquinone Industrial production of hydroquinone usually happens in two ways. Methylaminophenol, used in photography, is produced in this way:[8]. 132, 165172 (2018), X. Li, Q. Yin, W. Chen, J. Wang, J. Chem. Glycerol and citric acid, non-toxic and renewable reagents, were crosslinked by a melt polymerization reaction at temperatures from 90-150C. Bioaccumulative potential Hydroquinone (123 -31 -9) Bioaccumulative potential Not established. Retinoids are included in the invention from about 0.01 to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.5%. Res. Crit. Preparation, optimization and in vivo. Hydroquinone is an aromatic organic compound which is currently used in two main sectors: . It is found in wheat, rye, and barley.It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners. uuid:a150f3fd-7f22-4439-aa26-6f445f4017e5 Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. Hydroquinone, 99.5%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals Rev. However, hydroquinone discolors at the pH range of 7.0 to 8.5. . Part of Springer Nature. Hydroquinone - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics The Boiling Point of hydroquinone is 287C Also, the Melting Point of hydroquinone is 172C. 114, 175188 (1996), I. Hahnenkamp, G. Graubner, J. Gmehling, Int. 0000008435 00000 n The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics has also highlighted concerns. I've been presented with the problem of trying to dissolve Hydroquinone in a solvent other than water. Eng. 0 7 r @ &. Methods and products for nucleic acid production and delivery, Nucleic acid product and its administration method, Nucleic acid product and method of administration thereof, Compositions and systems for the treatment of hyperpigmentation, Methods for prevention of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, Skin care compositions containing retinoids, Improved method for stability of ageing comprising thirosinase inhibitor activity, Use of ascorbic acid to reduce irritation of topically applied active ingredients, COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS WITH ANTIMICOTIC PROPERTIES, EFFECTIVE AGAINST PSORIASIS AND HAIR LOSS AND COSMETIC METHOD FOR, Treatment or prevention of undesired skin pigmentation, Skin care compositions and method of improving skin appearance, Ultrasound enhancement of percutaneous drug absorption, Skin whiteners containing hydroxytetronic acid, Stabilized retinoid-containing skin care compositions, Retinoid compositions containing a water soluble antioxidant and a chelator, Composition and method for treating rosacea and sensitive skin with free radical scavengers, Skin care compositions containing imidazoles and retinoids, Stable compositions containing a retinoid and an enzyme based antioxidant system, Self-tanning compositions containing dha and propolis extract, Composition and process for stabilizing oxygen-unstable species, Bleaching preparation and cosmetic for preventing and improving aging of skin, Composition and method for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, Composition for cosmetic or pharmaceutical use, Remedies for pigmentation and melanocyte proliferation inhibitors, Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase, Divisional application: reference to earlier application, Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Pigmentation disorders can take a variety of forms like hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, such as melasma (dark patches experienced in pregnancy), liver spots (which often develop with age), as a side effect of birth control pills, and as a persistent result of acne, bums, bites and other skin injuries, and vitiligo. A3, Free format text: The process of making a stable hydroquinone composition having a pH of about 5.5 to about 8.0 comprising: combining the following ingredients, in a carbon dioxide atmosphere: first, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite, then, third, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, then, Application filed by Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp, [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O*, OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, 3-aminopropyl [(2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2H-furan-4-yl] hydrogen phosphate, NCCCOP(O)(=O)OC1=C(O)[C@@H]([C@@H](O)CO)OC1=O, OC(=O)C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, OC(=O)/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, trisodium;[(5R)-5-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-oxido-4-oxofuran-3-yl] phosphate, [Na+].[Na+]. HYDROQUINONE (hahy droh kwi NOHN) is applied to the the skin to lighten areas that have darkened. vitamin C; Salts thereof, Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00-A61K41/00, Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. Hydroquinone - Wikipedia Appearance: Free-flowing white crystalsOdor: OdorlessMolecular weight: 110.11Empirical formula: C6H6O2Assay (Anhydrous basis): 99.0-100.5 %Melting point: 172-174CWater: 0.5 wt % max.Residue on ignition: 0.5 % maxSolubility: Moderately soluble in water, glycerin, propylene glycol, and highly soluble in ethanol, Can work in conjunction with glycolic acid to help reduce pigment in melasma Non-GMOExtremely low vapor pressureUSP GradeEuropean Pharma GradeDrug master file available upon request. Then take the water and put the measurement into the microwave until boiled. Hydroquinone Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 These reactions release free oxygen and generate enough heat to bring the mixture to the boiling point and vaporize about a fifth of it, producing a hot spray from the beetle's abdomen. Solute (1 g) Water Boiling Water Alcohol Chloroform Ether Other Acenocoumarol 67,000 280 130 1800 Acetaminophen 20 10 1 N sodium hydroxide, 15 Acetohexamide 230 210 Acetylcysteine 5 4 Acetyldigitoxin 6100 62.5 12 >10,000 Ammonium Alum 7 0.5 Aluminum Chloride 0.9 4 Aluminum Sulfate 1 Amantadine Hydrochloride 2.5 5.1 18 polyethylene glycol 400, 70 and solubility in water. Add the hydroquinone to the water. An acceptable carrier also possesses suitable aesthetic and cosmetic qualities and may include emollients, conditioners and the like. The present invention combats this problem, with hydroquinone compositions in the neutral pH range, preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. Chem. Hydroquinone (HSG 101, 1996) - International Programme on Chemical Safety Tests, which results are detailed in the following two tables, are performed at 5C and 40C for certain percentages of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at specific pHs. The solubilities of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, resorcinol and hydroquinone in water and in 1-octanol were measured by the dynamic method which is also called the synthetic method from 297.25K to 334.45K. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC Q2000 and SDT Q600), the melting temperature and the enthalpy of fusion of these solutes were determined. Toughness of the polymer increases due to the presence of flexible units in the backbone such as long chain diols (e.g., diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol) or long chain saturated acids (e.g., adipic . [24], Numerous studies have revealed that hydroquinone, if taken orally, can cause exogenous ochronosis, a disfiguring disease in which blue-black pigments are deposited onto the skin; however, skin preparations containing the ingredient are administered topically. Diamines, useful in the rubber industry as antiozone agents, are similarly produced from aniline: Hydroquinone has a variety of uses principally associated with its action as a reducing agent that is soluble in water. [O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(O)=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1, OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C, Antibiotics FOR TREATMENT OF HEMORRHOIDS AND ANAL FISSURES FOR TOPICAL USE, CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O, [(2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2H-furan-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate, [Na+]. Read our Privacy Notice. Approved only for prescription use in the U.S. market.Ideal for creams, lotions, and gels for personal care ingredients, pharmaceutical chemical, pharmaceutical excipients, and skin care ingredients. Cat No. : H329-500